History of operating systems

Generation 1 (1945-1955)
In generation 1, the operating system and programming language has not beenestablished yet exist. Means employed is to use vacuum tubes and plugboard where in1950, plugboard replaced with punch cards.

Generation 2 (1955-1965)
In the 2nd generation, vacuum tubes are not used and its replacement is a transistorwhere the transistors are smaller and durable than vacuum tubes. In between years, it has known the first programming language is FORTRAN or assembly language. The operating system is also better known as Resident Monitor. Its growth has been usinga mainframe that is FMS (Fortran Monitor System), IBM 7094 computer using IBSYSand in this generation has begun to be introduced to the batch system is used tominimize the processor idle

Generation 3 (1965-1980)

In the 3rd generation has been using IC (Integrated Circuit) that each chip containsthousands of transistors. Has emerged mini computers such as IBM and DEC PDP360/370/4300/3080/3090 using OS/360 operating system and has developedfeatures like:
- Spooling (Simultaneous Peripheral Operation On Line)
- Multiprogramming a memory partition
- Timesharing
and has emerged operating systems:
MULTICS (multiplexed Information and Computing Service)
UNIX (Uniplexed Information and Computing Service)

Generation 4 (1980-2000)In the 4th generation, have been using IC with millions of transistors and has developed microcomputer (PC). Has come out into the market the IBM PC with an Intel 16 bit and have come out and use the programming language BASIC. The operating system used was using MSDOS and leave the DOS and has been the circulation of graphical operating systems that support first developed by Apple that is Macintosh. At the end of the 4th generation of this, Microsoft developed a GUI system on MSDOS, ie: windows 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.11 GUI without using MSDOS ie: Windows 95/98/Me, Windows NT, Windows 2000. UNIX did not want to compete, they issued a variant of Linux with a variety of distributions and open source so it can be developed by everyone. And in this generation have noticed through the communications network which will facilitate the exchange of data.

Generation 5 (2000-present)Appears nanocomputer placed on mobile phones, game devices (playstation), TVs, cars, entertainment equipment, sensors, etc..